Difference between revisions of "Lectures: Stat 202 Fall 2016"
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== August 29, 2016 == | == August 29, 2016 == | ||
| − | * Today we had an introductory discussion and greetings, then discussed | + | * Today, we had an introductory discussion and greetings, then discussed our [[Syllabus:Stat_202_Fall_2016|syllabus]]. |
* Reading: Please read about the optional extra credit opportunities in our [[Syllabus:Stat_202_Fall_2016|syllabus]]. | * Reading: Please read about the optional extra credit opportunities in our [[Syllabus:Stat_202_Fall_2016|syllabus]]. | ||
* Reading: Please read the first few chapters of [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics]], which is linked here and also passed out during class. | * Reading: Please read the first few chapters of [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics]], which is linked here and also passed out during class. | ||
* Next class: we will discuss the projects and cover the first 5 chapters of [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics,]] but we will probably not cover all 5 chapters on Wednesday. | * Next class: we will discuss the projects and cover the first 5 chapters of [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics,]] but we will probably not cover all 5 chapters on Wednesday. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == August 31, 2016 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Today, we started class by discussing projects, then we continued with the following chapters from [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics]]: ''Defining familiar terms'', ''Let's collect some data!'', ''Concepts of Structured Data''. I gave a brief introduction to the next chapter ''Kinds of variables'', but did not cover it yet. | ||
| + | * Reading: Please read ''Kinds of variables'' in [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics]]. | ||
| + | * Next class: We will cover the next 3 chapters in [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics]], including two additional chapters which I will hand out in class. These chapters will also include homework. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == September 1, 2016 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Today, we covered ''Kinds of variables'' and ''Distributions'' in [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics]]. We covered bar graphs, pie charts and stemplots for visualizing distributions. We touched on histograms (also for visualizing distributions) but have not covered them in detail. | ||
| + | * Homework: I passed out and we worked on [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW1.pdf|Homework 1]], due September 8, 2016. | ||
| + | * Homework: I passed out and we worked on [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW2.pdf|Homework 2]], due September 8, 2016. | ||
| + | * Homework: I passed out but did not yet assign [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW3.pdf|Homework 3]]. Due date to be added later. | ||
| + | * Reading: Moore, McCabe, Craig, pp 1-15. | ||
| + | * Next class: We will review the concept of a distribution and its relationship to the kinds of graphs we are creating. We will talk in detail about histograms while considering the call center data set. We will cover ''Exploratory data analysis'' from [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics]]. [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW3.pdf|Homework 3]] will be assigned, but instead of working on histogram homework in class we will do a laboratory exercise on a diamonds data set. Finally, if there is time, we will proceed to talk about summary statistics (mean, median, quartiles, percentiles, 5 number summary, standard deviation) and the box plot and modified box plot. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == September 7, 2016 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Today we reviewed the concept of distribution. We went over histograms, working together to analyze the call center data set. We talked about the axes of the histogram: the x-axis is the range of the values of the quantitative variable whose distribution is being visualized. This range can be restricted by adjusting the "where" input in StatCrunch. There are 3 choices for the y-axis in StatCrunch: frequency (the count of observations in each bin), the relative frequency (the proportion of observations in each bin) and the density. The point of the density was to have a vertical scale which is independent of the number of observations and bin width. Finally, we worked together to analyze the diamonds data set. | ||
| + | * Homework: [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW1.pdf|Homework 1]] is due next class, September 8, 2016. | ||
| + | * Homework: [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW2.pdf|Homework 2]] is due next class, September 8, 2016. | ||
| + | * Homework: [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW3.pdf|Homework 3]] is now assigned with a due date of September 14, 2016. | ||
| + | * Practice Problems: [[Media:Stat20X_Week01_Practice_Problems.pdf|Practice Problems for Week 1]]. | ||
| + | * Reading: Moore, McCabe & Craig, pp. 30-36. | ||
| + | * Next class: We will discuss skewed and symmetric distributions, tails, center and spread, unimodal, multimodal, and bimodal distributions. We also will discus mean and median, quantiles, and percentiles, resistant to outliers versus sensitive to outliers. We will continue our tour of summary statistics with the 5-number summary and the related box plot and modified box plots, we will pass out homework 4 and 5, talk about the sample standard deviation, and transformations. Then, if there is time we will proceed to talk about sampling -- to understand Bessel's correction in the definition of sampling standard deviation, but also because it is one of the primary course objectives. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == September 8, 2016 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Today, we discussed skewed and symmetric distributions, tails, center and spread, unimodal, multimodal, and bimodal distributions. We also discused mean and median, quantiles, and percentiles, resistant to outliers versus sensitive to outliers. We also continued our tour of summary statistics with the 5-number summary and the related box plot and modified box plots. | ||
| + | * Homework: [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW3.pdf|Homework 3]] was already assigned with a due date of September 14, 2016. | ||
| + | * Practice Problems Solutions: [[Media:Stat20X_Week01_Practice_Solutions.pdf|Practice Problem Solutions for Week 1]]. | ||
| + | * Reading: Moore, McCabe & Craig, pp. 37-42. | ||
| + | * Next class: We will quickly review measures of center and spread, 5 number summary, box plot and modified box plot. We will cover transformations. We will have class time for Homeworks 4 and 5. We will cover standard deviation and start to study sampling. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == September 12, 2016 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Today, we quickly reviewed measures of center and spread, 5 number summary, box plot and modified box plot. We covered transformations. We covered standard deviation. We covered ''Sampling'' in [[Media:The_Data_Professors_Guide_to_Basic_Statistics.pdf|The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics]]. We also discussed the definition of the number "N choose n." | ||
| + | * Homework: [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW4.pdf|Homework 4]] was assigned today with a due date of September 19, 2016. | ||
| + | * Homework: [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW5.pdf|Homework 5]] was assigned today with a due date of September 21, 2016. | ||
| + | * Next class: We will discuss the definition of the number "N choose n." We will discuss density curves and start probability. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == September 14, 2016 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Today we reviewed standard deviation, transformations, density curves, the relationship between density curves and histograms. We discussed the fact that all density curves describe a distribution, but to be a density curve: necessarily the area under the curve must be 1 and whole density curve must be on or above the vertical axis. We talked about bell curves and the relationship between bell curves and the normal distribution (bell curves are the density curves for normal distributions). Bell curves have a very specific shape that depends on only two parameters: mean and standard deviation. Knowing mean and standard deviation you can write down an exact mathematical formula for the bell curve. If mean is mu and standard deviation is sigma, the unique normal distribution is denoted N(mu,sigma). We talked about the mean, median, and mode of a density curve: for a bell curve these three things coincide at the peak. At one standard deviation from the mean of a bell curve you will find the inflection points where the curve goes from smiling to frowning or vice-versa (remember: bell curve means normal distribution, this doesn't work for other distributions). Another property of a normal distribution: if you do a linear transformation and the old variable is normal, the new one is normal, too. If the new variable is normal then the old variable must have also been normal. Another property of normal distribution is the 68-95-99.7 Rule, the percentage of area falling one, two, or three standard deviations from the mean. We talked about pseudo-random numbers, simulating pseudo-random number in StatCrunch, and the concept of seed, including fixed seed and dynamic seed. We talked about standardizing observations and the z-score. | ||
| + | * Next class: We will review all of the above, introduce QQ plots (also called normal quantile plots), and work on homeworks 6, 7, 8. This will complete our coverage of chapter 1, and complete our coverage of the material on exam 1. Next week we will review, and may start new material. Our exam will be Thursday September 22, 2016. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == September 15, 2016 == | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Today, we spent the class time working on homework problems concerning the material we covered during the previous class. | ||
| + | * Homework: I handed out [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW6.pdf|Homework 6]]. The due date will be discussed during next Monday's class. | ||
| + | * Homework: I handed out [[Media:Stat202_2015S_HW7.pdf|Homework 7]]. The due date will be discussed during next Monday's class. | ||
| + | * Next class: we will discuss QQ plots, hand out Homework 8, and I expect to have review materials prepared to hand out. | ||
Latest revision as of 16:26, 17 September 2016
Contents
August 29, 2016
- Today, we had an introductory discussion and greetings, then discussed our syllabus.
- Reading: Please read about the optional extra credit opportunities in our syllabus.
- Reading: Please read the first few chapters of The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics, which is linked here and also passed out during class.
- Next class: we will discuss the projects and cover the first 5 chapters of The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics, but we will probably not cover all 5 chapters on Wednesday.
August 31, 2016
- Today, we started class by discussing projects, then we continued with the following chapters from The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics: Defining familiar terms, Let's collect some data!, Concepts of Structured Data. I gave a brief introduction to the next chapter Kinds of variables, but did not cover it yet.
- Reading: Please read Kinds of variables in The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics.
- Next class: We will cover the next 3 chapters in The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics, including two additional chapters which I will hand out in class. These chapters will also include homework.
September 1, 2016
- Today, we covered Kinds of variables and Distributions in The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics. We covered bar graphs, pie charts and stemplots for visualizing distributions. We touched on histograms (also for visualizing distributions) but have not covered them in detail.
- Homework: I passed out and we worked on Homework 1, due September 8, 2016.
- Homework: I passed out and we worked on Homework 2, due September 8, 2016.
- Homework: I passed out but did not yet assign Homework 3. Due date to be added later.
- Reading: Moore, McCabe, Craig, pp 1-15.
- Next class: We will review the concept of a distribution and its relationship to the kinds of graphs we are creating. We will talk in detail about histograms while considering the call center data set. We will cover Exploratory data analysis from The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics. Homework 3 will be assigned, but instead of working on histogram homework in class we will do a laboratory exercise on a diamonds data set. Finally, if there is time, we will proceed to talk about summary statistics (mean, median, quartiles, percentiles, 5 number summary, standard deviation) and the box plot and modified box plot.
September 7, 2016
- Today we reviewed the concept of distribution. We went over histograms, working together to analyze the call center data set. We talked about the axes of the histogram: the x-axis is the range of the values of the quantitative variable whose distribution is being visualized. This range can be restricted by adjusting the "where" input in StatCrunch. There are 3 choices for the y-axis in StatCrunch: frequency (the count of observations in each bin), the relative frequency (the proportion of observations in each bin) and the density. The point of the density was to have a vertical scale which is independent of the number of observations and bin width. Finally, we worked together to analyze the diamonds data set.
- Homework: Homework 1 is due next class, September 8, 2016.
- Homework: Homework 2 is due next class, September 8, 2016.
- Homework: Homework 3 is now assigned with a due date of September 14, 2016.
- Practice Problems: Practice Problems for Week 1.
- Reading: Moore, McCabe & Craig, pp. 30-36.
- Next class: We will discuss skewed and symmetric distributions, tails, center and spread, unimodal, multimodal, and bimodal distributions. We also will discus mean and median, quantiles, and percentiles, resistant to outliers versus sensitive to outliers. We will continue our tour of summary statistics with the 5-number summary and the related box plot and modified box plots, we will pass out homework 4 and 5, talk about the sample standard deviation, and transformations. Then, if there is time we will proceed to talk about sampling -- to understand Bessel's correction in the definition of sampling standard deviation, but also because it is one of the primary course objectives.
September 8, 2016
- Today, we discussed skewed and symmetric distributions, tails, center and spread, unimodal, multimodal, and bimodal distributions. We also discused mean and median, quantiles, and percentiles, resistant to outliers versus sensitive to outliers. We also continued our tour of summary statistics with the 5-number summary and the related box plot and modified box plots.
- Homework: Homework 3 was already assigned with a due date of September 14, 2016.
- Practice Problems Solutions: Practice Problem Solutions for Week 1.
- Reading: Moore, McCabe & Craig, pp. 37-42.
- Next class: We will quickly review measures of center and spread, 5 number summary, box plot and modified box plot. We will cover transformations. We will have class time for Homeworks 4 and 5. We will cover standard deviation and start to study sampling.
September 12, 2016
- Today, we quickly reviewed measures of center and spread, 5 number summary, box plot and modified box plot. We covered transformations. We covered standard deviation. We covered Sampling in The Data Professor's Guide to Basic Statistics. We also discussed the definition of the number "N choose n."
- Homework: Homework 4 was assigned today with a due date of September 19, 2016.
- Homework: Homework 5 was assigned today with a due date of September 21, 2016.
- Next class: We will discuss the definition of the number "N choose n." We will discuss density curves and start probability.
September 14, 2016
- Today we reviewed standard deviation, transformations, density curves, the relationship between density curves and histograms. We discussed the fact that all density curves describe a distribution, but to be a density curve: necessarily the area under the curve must be 1 and whole density curve must be on or above the vertical axis. We talked about bell curves and the relationship between bell curves and the normal distribution (bell curves are the density curves for normal distributions). Bell curves have a very specific shape that depends on only two parameters: mean and standard deviation. Knowing mean and standard deviation you can write down an exact mathematical formula for the bell curve. If mean is mu and standard deviation is sigma, the unique normal distribution is denoted N(mu,sigma). We talked about the mean, median, and mode of a density curve: for a bell curve these three things coincide at the peak. At one standard deviation from the mean of a bell curve you will find the inflection points where the curve goes from smiling to frowning or vice-versa (remember: bell curve means normal distribution, this doesn't work for other distributions). Another property of a normal distribution: if you do a linear transformation and the old variable is normal, the new one is normal, too. If the new variable is normal then the old variable must have also been normal. Another property of normal distribution is the 68-95-99.7 Rule, the percentage of area falling one, two, or three standard deviations from the mean. We talked about pseudo-random numbers, simulating pseudo-random number in StatCrunch, and the concept of seed, including fixed seed and dynamic seed. We talked about standardizing observations and the z-score.
- Next class: We will review all of the above, introduce QQ plots (also called normal quantile plots), and work on homeworks 6, 7, 8. This will complete our coverage of chapter 1, and complete our coverage of the material on exam 1. Next week we will review, and may start new material. Our exam will be Thursday September 22, 2016.
September 15, 2016
- Today, we spent the class time working on homework problems concerning the material we covered during the previous class.
- Homework: I handed out Homework 6. The due date will be discussed during next Monday's class.
- Homework: I handed out Homework 7. The due date will be discussed during next Monday's class.
- Next class: we will discuss QQ plots, hand out Homework 8, and I expect to have review materials prepared to hand out.
